No, you don't have to retrieve all products. There are many ways to filter a product export so that only the desired products are returned.
See the swagger documentation for comprehensive information on how to filter which products you want to export.
No, you can choose to exclude information you don't need from the response. This is recommended to achieve faster response, reduce load on the feed® server, and reduce the amount of data that needs to be transported.
In addition, you can significantly reduce the amount of data, especially if you have many attributes of type "data register" or export ETIM data, by choosing not to include available/legal choices on these beyond what is actually specified as a value.
To only retrieve what has changed, you must set a specific time interval and set the "changesOnly" flag.
If an "exportTo" date is not set, it will be assumed to apply up to and including today. It is recommended to primarily retrieve data with "changesOnly" to prevent unnecessary repeated retrieval of products.
Ref params: "changesOnly", "exportFrom", "exportTo".
Basedata is not the same as a product, but it defines what a product contains. Basedata is the master data that the customer has created for custom fields in feed®, this is what defines what information, relationships, roles, product templates and statuses are available on a product in feed®.
Via basedata export, you can retrieve attributes, texts, statuses, relationships and much more. See swagger documentation for further information.
The error message is common with incorrect or lack of authentication. For example, a bearer token has expired. You can check this page: Authentication.
Yes, it's possible to retrieve a specific folder with "importCode", but you don't get a list of all products in the subfolders. You therefore need to traverse down through all subfolders to get hold of the products belonging to the corresponding folders. Ref api: "/export/structure/structures/{importCode}".
When you do a structure export, you will get information about which products, media, and attributes are there, but not all information about them. To get this information, you need to do a product/media export.
In the swagger documentation, you will see an example of what a successful export will look like. Swagger documentation is available at https://<host URL>/export/swagger-ui/ where <host URL> is the address of your feed installation.